Number of total female offspring (fecundity) (A), number of mature daughters (fitness) (B) and infertility rate (C) after mites had fed on different types of phoretic hosts. Different letters on top of each bar denote significant differences (P < 0.05) using Fisher’s Protected Least Significant Difference Tests after analysis of variance showed a significant effect. Each bar represents data from 4 trials, each trail with N = 35 mites. The data included mites that were infertile (non-reproducing). From Xie et al., Scientific Reports 6, 28228